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Stock Market Valuations: Too High, Too Low or Just Right?

By David Edwards

About this article:
A recent column on valuations by Peter Eavis reminded me that determining fair value for the stock market is more complicated than just checking the S&P 500's price-to-earnings ratio vs. its historical average. The P/E ratio should expand when interest rates, inflation rates and investor uncertainty is low, contract as these parameters rise. So how do I determine whether the stock market is fairly valued? Unfortunately, there's no magic touchstone, but here are several models that can provide guidance. The following chart shows yields on the 10-year treasury bond, inflation rates (year-over-year CPI) and the earnings/price ratio of the S&P 500 since 1953. (The E/P is the inverse of the P/E ratio; the conversion allows pictorial representation of spread relationships.) Source: Robert Shiller (http://www.econ.yale.edu/~shiller/), author of "Irrational Exuberance." In the 1950's, fear of the 1929 stock...

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